Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS4448

Incident date

February 14, 2020

Location

باشمرا, Bashambra, Aleppo, Syria

Airwars assessment

According to local sources, civilians were killed when Russian or Syrian regime helicopters dropped barrel bombs on Bashambra on February 14th 2020, as well as other areas close by incluing the villages of Tamura and Sheikh Aqil in the western countryside of Aleppo, Syria. It is not clear how many civilians were allegedly killed.

The Shaam News Network reported: “The Russian and Assadian air forces launched air strikes targeting the towns of rural Aleppo, which led to the fall of five martyrs in the town of Ma’arat al-Atareb and two martyrs in the city of Atarib, and civilian casualties in each of Darat Azza, al-Tamurah, Bashmara, Sheikh Aqil and the vicinity of Greater Urm.”

Etilaf also reported an unspecified number of wounded civilians in Bashambra, and blamed Russian and the regime.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4447

Incident date

February 14, 2020

Location

دارة عزة, Daret Izza, Aleppo, Syria

Airwars assessment

According to local sources an unspecified number of civilians were killed in an airstrike in Darat Azza in the western countryside of Aleppo, Syria, on February 14th 2020.

The Shaam News Network reported: “The Russian and Assadian air forces launched air strikes targeting the towns of rural Aleppo, which led to the fall of five martyrs in the town of Ma’arat al-Atareb and two martyrs in the city of Atarib, and civilian casualties in each of Darat Azza, al-Tamurah, Bashmara, Sheikh Aqil and the vicinity of Greater Urm.”

Etilaf also reported an unspecified number of wounded civilians in Darat Azza, and blamed Russian and the regime.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4446

Incident date

February 14, 2020

Location

الطامورة, Al Tamoura, Aleppo, Syria

Airwars assessment

According to local sources, civilians were killed when Russian or Syrian regime helicopters dropped barrel bombs on Tamoura on February 14th 2020, as well as other areas close by incluing the villages of Bashmara and Sheikh Aqil in the western countryside of Aleppo, Syria. It is not clear how many civilians were allegedly killed.

The Shaam News Network reported: “The Russian and Assadian air forces launched air strikes targeting the towns of rural Aleppo, which led to the fall of five martyrs in the town of Ma’arat al-Atareb and two martyrs in the city of Atarib, and civilian casualties in each of Darat Azza, al-Tamurah, Bashmara, Sheikh Aqil and the vicinity of Greater Urm.”

Etilaf also reported an unspecified number of wounded civilians in Al Tamoura, and blamed Russian and the regime.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4445

Incident date

February 14, 2020

Location

معارة الاتارب, Ma`art Al Atareb, Aleppo, Syria

Airwars assessment

Up to eight civilians were killed including at least two children and a woman died and others were wounded in alleged Russian or regime air or artillery strikes on Ma`art Al Atareb, according to local media and sources on February 14th 2020.

The majority of sources indicated that five civilians were killed but Syriahr alleged that the death toll was eight, including five children and a woman.

Horrya reported that the five people that were killed were from one family (a man, his wife, and three of their children). It also reported that nine others were injured to varying degrees. SCDaleppo reported that those killed were “two girls and a man”, and four others were wounded.

@freessyria reported that “7 killed in artillery shelling and Eussian raids on the city of Atarib and the village of Maarat al-Atarib” but it suggests that this is two separate incidents and therefore is not included in the overall death toll in this assessment.

The lowest death toll was given by the White Helmets, who said that two children and a man died and three more civilians were wounded in artillery shelling by the regime.

According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, “Three civilians, including two children, were killed as fixed- wing warplanes we believe were Russian fired missiles on Ma’aret al Atareb village in the western suburbs of Aleppo governorate, on February 14, 2020.”

Smart blamed both Russian and regime “air and artillery shelling”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 8
  • (2–5 children1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3–4
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (31) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • The aftermath of alleged regime shelling on Ma`art Al Atareb, Feb 14th (via White Helmets)
  • The aftermath of alleged regime shelling on Ma`art Al Atareb, Feb 14th (via White Helmets)
  • Russian or Syrian regime airstrike allegedly killed up to eight civilians in Maarat al-Atareb on February 14th 2020 (Image via Hiberpress / Twitter)
  • Russian or Syrian regime airstrike allegedly killed up to eight civilians in Maarat al-Atareb on February 14th 2020 (Image via Hiberpress / Twitter)
  • "Casualties in air strikes on Maarat al-Atareb, west of Aleppo" (Image via @syr_television / Titter

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 8
  • (2–5 children1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3–4
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (31) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4444

Incident date

February 13–14, 2020

Location

قبتان الجبل, Qubtan Al Jabal, Aleppo , Syria

Airwars assessment

One woman was reported killed and eight others including five children injured, originally from Aleppo’s southern countryside residing in Qabtan Al Jabal in Aleppo’s western countryside when allegedly Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes targeted the town on the night between Feb 13th and 14th, 2020, according to local sources.

The Syrian Civil Defence reported “the death of a woman from the village of Al-Othmania, south of Aleppo, and the injury of eight others, most of them from the southern countryside of Aleppo, who were displaced to the town of # Qubtan_jabal in the western countryside of Aleppo, as a result of the Russian warplanes targeting the town last night with six raids on February 13th, 2020.”

A Facebook post from Jiyraza Sons reported that the civilians that were injured sustained minor and moderate injuries.

@ShahbaPress said that casualties belong to the same family, and the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said that “Russian warplanes carried out airstrikes targeting homes in the town of Qubtan al-Jabal near the Turkish point in Jabal Aqil, west of Aleppo, wounding an entire family.”

Al Jazeera, Our Syria News, and Syrian television each used social media to announce that eight civilians had been wounded, including five children. Each of the injured were displaced from their homes and living in Qubtan Al Jabal.  Syria HR News reported that a woman had been killed, along with the eight wounded, but no names were released.

Syria HR News reported that homes were struck during the raid that killed one woman and injured eight other civilians. @AJABreaking added that the raid occurred near the Turkish point in Jabal Aqil.

@ShahbaPress, SMART Agency, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, Syrian Civil Defence and Bawaba Aleppo accused Russia of this incident, while Step Agency blamed both Russia and the regime. @so_ria98 identified “high-explosive missiles” as being used in the attack.

The incident occured during the night.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    8
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (28) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • One of the children reported injured in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on Qabtan Al Jabal in Aleppo on Feb 13th-14th, 2020. (via SCD).
  • One of the children reported injured in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on Qabtan Al Jabal in Aleppo on Feb 13th-14th, 2020. (Posted by Jiyraza sons via Facebook).
  • A man injured in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on Qabtan Al Jabal in Aleppo on Feb 13th-14th, 2020. (Posted by Jiyraza sons via Facebook).
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    One of the children reported injured in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on Qabtan Al Jabal in Aleppo on Feb 13th-14th, 2020. (Posted by Jiyraza sons via Facebook).

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    8
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (28) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4443

Incident date

February 13, 2020

Location

محيط مدينة ادلب, Vicinity of Idlib , Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

At least seven civilians, including five to seven children and two to five women, were reported injured as a result of alleged Russian forces airstrikes on the western side of the vicinity of Idlib, on February 13th, 2020 according to local sources.

@IdlibPlus reported that “seven civilians, five children and two women were injured as a result of Russian airstrikes on an IDPs’ building on the outskirts of the city of Idlib from the western side today, [Thursday, February 13th]. Civil defense teams assisted the injured to hospitals and inspected the place and confirmed that there were no other injuries.”

Syrian journalist Anas Tracy first reported that seven children and five women had been injured die to a bombing raid near Idlib. The journalist identified Russian raids occurring at 16:35,16:38, and 19:02, with the civilian casualties resulting from the 16:38 strike.

@SyrianDeveloper pointed out that the strikes occurred in the vicinity of the prison. A tweet from @our_syria reported that the civilian casualties resulted in strikes on a farm containing displaced persons. Al Hadath identified the location of the strikes as being in the village of Khirbet on the outskirts of western Idlib.

@ShahbaPress, SMART Agency and @IdlibPlus blamed Russia for the incident. A tweet by @mohmad_rasheed reported that high explosive missiles were used in the attack.

The incident occured at 16:38:00 local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    7–12
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Air raids by alleged Russian warplanes target with high-explosive missiles the vicinity of Idlib. (Image posted by @mohmad_rasheed)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    7–12
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4442

Incident date

February 13, 2020

Location

مناطق متعددة, Several Towns, Aleppo, Syria

Airwars assessment

Shaam Network reported that on Russian and Syrian regime forces targeted with airstrikes multiple towns and villages in Aleppo, injuring a number of civilians, on February 13th 2020.

“Russian and Syrian regime air forces launched airstrikes amid artillery and missile shelling on the city of Atarib and the villages and towns of Kafrnaha, Kafaramah, Lirmoun, Qubtan al-Jabal, Yaqd al-Adas, urm Al-Sughra and al-Kubra, al-Rahal al-Farasan and al-Farasan villages, the second Muhandis countryside, and the vicinity of the 46th Al Fouj, which resulted in the injury of civilians, while artillery shelled the city of Huritan.”

No other information was available about how many civilians were injured in these various towns and villages. Due to limitations in sources, it is possible that the casualties have been reflected in other assessments.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4440

Incident date

February 12, 2020

Location

أبين سمعان, Abin Samaan, Aleppo, Syria

Airwars assessment

Three civilians were killed and six others were injured in alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Abyan Samaan, Aleppo governorate, on February 12th, 2020, according to local sources.

An employee for the media office of the Directorate for the Civil Defence, Hamza Al Youssef, told SMART News that the six injured civilians were taken to nearby medical points. The agency said “Three civilians were also killed and six others were injured, as they were taken to nearby medical points for treatment, as a result of the bombing of a Russian warplane on the village of Abyan Samaan of Atarib district.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • Civilians reported injured
    6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • Civilians reported injured
    6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]