Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS3478

Incident date

June 27, 2018

Location

تسيل, Tasil, Dara'a, Syria

Airwars assessment

Local sources reported injuries among civilians as a result of raids allegedly by Russian forces on Tasil and other towns of Dara’a al Balad.

Shaam Network reported that “the raids also resulted in  a number of wounded in  Daraa al-Balad, Ghariyah al-Sharqiya, al-Harak, Saida, Nahata, Kahil, Nawa, Tasil, al Soura, Ibta’a, Shaikh Saad, Tafas and al Taibeh.”

@OrientNews tweeted that there were Russian forces raids on Tasil on that day, while @s3d_al3nezi blamed the Syrian regime.

No further information is available at the moment.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3211

Incident date

March 9, 2018

Location

حرستا, Harasta, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.55869, 36.36515 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An unspecified number of civilians were wounded in air and artillery strikes on Harasta, local media reported. Sources attributed blame to both Russia and the Syrian regime.

The night raids consisted of heavy explosions on the residential neighbourhood.

Shaam reported that “Russian warplanes and the Assad helicopters launched fierce air raids accompanied by artillery bombardment and a very violent missile… wounding civilians in the cities of Saqba, Harasta, Hamouriya, Irbin and Madyra.”

There are no other details at this time.

The incident occured during the night.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3504

Incident date

June 30, 2018

Location

معربة, Ma'arba, Dara'a, Syria

Airwars assessment

Up to 17 civilians, 9 of which are from the same family, were reported killed as a result of alleged Russian raids on their houses in Ma’raba in Dara’a, Syria on June 30th, 2018 according to local sources.

Step Agency said “The killing of 14 civilians, including two women and wounding others as a result of Russian and Syrian air strikes which targeted the town of Ma’araba east of Daraa.”

Journalist Mohammad Nour said “At least 17 martyrs, nine of them from a single family in the town of Ma’arba in eastern Dara’a, with Russian shelling of civilian homes as punishment for their refusal of the conditions of Russian surrender.”

Violations Documentation Center documented some names of the victims including Muhammad al-Faour, Yousef Muhmmmad al-Faour, Saeb Muhammad Faour, Ismaiel Ibrahim al-Faour, Najdat al-Matar, Hani Naji al-Masalemah, Abduallah al-Raja, Azad Basheir al-Muqdad, Abdulkarim Zunaifa, Muhammad Ali al-Foadh, Muhammad Jamal al-Abbas, Khadija al-Hamed, Abdulqader al-Dief Allah al-Ghwazi and Ahmad Ali Faour Ghazawe. 

Dara’a Martyrs page reported “The warplanes of the regime forces targeted the town of Ma’araba in the eastern countryside of Daraa with several raids, whereby in three of the raids, they targeted a house where a number of displaced persons from its basement took refuge from the military campaign launched by the regime forces in the area, and the raids caused a massacre of fifteen martyrs, including two women And two children.”

White Helmets posted saying that “There are still many remains of martyrs killed as a result of the heavy shelling that hit the eastern sector, and in turn the civil defense are collecting body parts  in the town of Ma’arba and burying them duly.”

Both Russian forces and the Syrian regime were blamed for the killing of those civilians. Mohammad Horani, Mohammad Nour and Violations Documentation Center said Russia was responsible.

The incident occured in the evening.

The victims were named as:

Family members (4)

Family members (2)

Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed

The victims were named as:

Age unknown male killed
Age unknown female Wife of Foa'ad killed
Age unknown male Or Muhammad Ali Al-Fedah killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    14 – 17
  • (1 woman13 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–5
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (7) [ collapse]

  • A photo of one of the civilians allegedly killed by Russian or Syrian regime forces airstrikes in Ma'araba, Dara'a on June 30th, 2018 (via Ahmad Al Mokdad).
  • A photo of one of the civilians allegedly killed by Russian or Syrian regime forces airstrikes in Ma'araba, Dara'a on June 30th, 2018 (via Ahmad Al Mokdad).
  • A photo of one of the civilians allegedly killed by Russian or Syrian regime forces airstrikes in Ma'araba, Dara'a on June 30th, 2018 (via Ahmad Al Mokdad).
  • A photo of one of the civilians allegedly killed by Russian or Syrian regime forces airstrikes in Ma'araba, Dara'a on June 30th, 2018 (via Ahmad Al Mokdad).
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Body of a civilian killed by alleged Russian or Syrian regime forces airstrikes in Ma'araba, Dara'a on June 30th, 2018 (via Ahmad Al Mokdad).

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    14 – 17
  • (1 woman13 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–5
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3243

Incident date

March 12, 2018

Location

معرة مصرين, M'ret Misrin, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

36.012172, 36.6730499 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An unspecified number of civilians were wounded in airstrikes on M’ret Misrin, according to the Shaam News Network, who blamed both Russian and the regime.

However, @IdlibPlus and @HalabTodayTV reported “several raids”, but neither named the belligerent or mentioned civilian harm.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4008

Incident date

August 11, 2019

Location

بلدات متعددة في ادلب, Several towns in Idlib, Idlib , Syria

Airwars assessment

A single source reported that alleged Russian and Syrian regime warplanes and helicopters launched airstrikes on several cities and towns in Idlib on August 11th, 2019, leading to “many wounded”, including children.

Shaam News Network reported an unspecified “many wounded, including children, due to raids, artillery and rocket shelling on the cities and towns of Kafarnabil, Haiysh, Tarmela, Sheikh Mustafa, Mudaya, Al-Raqaya, Al Tamana’a, Kfareen, Umm Zaytouna, Kafarsejneh, Rakaa Sejna, Madaya, Tahtaya, Ma’ar Zeita, Naqir, Sukik, Tal A’as, Al Hubeit, Maarat Horma, Terae, Kafar Awaid, Mouqa Al Amrya Abdeen and Al Najia.”

Airwars has set a possible injury range of 5 – 10 for this incident. Currently, further information is unavailable.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4112

Incident date

October 20, 2019

Location

Idlib governorate, Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

One civilian was killed and another wounded in alleged Russian airstrikes targeting the perimeter of the villages of Kafrnabal, Amreya, Kafarsijnah, Maarat Harmah, Ma’rzita, Mukha and Sheikh Dams in Idlib governorate, according to local sources.

@SyrianCoalition wrote that 11 airstrikes targeted 9 areas in Southern Idlib, in addition to 55 artillery shells.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Volunteers of the Syrian Civil Defence forces helping a wounded man after alleged Russian airstrikes in Idlib province on October 20th, 2019 (via @SyrianCoalition).
  • Volunteer of the Syrian Civil Defence forces on a site of alleged Russian airstrikes in Idlib province on October 20th, 2019 (via @SyrianCoalition).
  • Volunteers of the Syrian Civil Defence rushing to a site of alleged Russian airstrikes in Idlib province on October 20th, 2019 (via @SyrianCoalition).

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4143

Incident date

November 7, 2019

Location

كفرسجنة, Kafar Sijna, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.52447, 36.590051 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Civilians were reportedly injured in alleged Russian airstrikes on the outskirts of the town of Kafar Sijna, Idlib governorate, on November 7th, 2019, according to local media.

The Step News Agency said that three civilians were wounded. Multiple other sources referred to civilians being injured but did not give a number.

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Russia.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4178

Incident date

November 17, 2019

Location

كفرنبل, Kafr Nabl, Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

Local sources reported that Syrian Regime or Russian helicopters dropped barrel bombs on the outskirts of the town Kafr Nabl south of Idlib injuring at least two civilians on November 17th.

Two civilians were injured according to most sources, while one source claimed that civilians had been killed during the strike. @Idlibplus identified the victims as two men. @Orientnews claimed as the only source that the attacks caused several casualties among civilians.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) reported that two helicopters “took turns dropping barrel bombs”, dropping a total of 16 barrel bombs in total on Kafr Nabl and the village Baskala. @NagiNajjar reports instead that the airplanes attacked with vacuum missiles.

@Orientnews and @MasarNetPress attributed the attack to the Russian Armed Forces. Other reports, among them @Aljazeera, blamed the Syrian Regime Armed Forces for the raid.

 

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Syrian Regime, Russian Military
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Syrian Regime, Russian Military
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (11) [ collapse]